1. I think that [honesty is the most important human quality].

Honest is (a human quality). [3] // noun phrase 名词短语

2. Landing on the moon is [one of human’s best achievements].

Graduating is (my best achievement). [3] // noun phrase 名词短语

3. With the support of his family, he went [to further his education] at a university in the UK.

He went [(to further) his education]. [4] // infinitive phrase 不定时短语

4. Many people don’t realize the importance of a healthy lifestyle until they get sick.

I realize [the importance of a healthy life]. [2a] // noun phrase 名词短语

5. Everyone should [contribute their time] to our community. [2a] // verbal phrase (predicate 谓语)

6. Remember that teamwork [plays a role in] winning a basketball game. [2a] // verbal phrase (predicate 谓语)

7. The actor received [a standing ovation] for his amazing performance in the film. [2a] // noun phrase 名词短语

8. My elder sister is busy this year as she is going to [enter the college entrance exam].

She is going [to participate in the college entrance exam]. // 这是 present continuous. [to participate…] 是不定时短语 （infinitive phrase)